要素禀赋、政策支持与金融资源配置:产业转移的承接模式研究

本文以商务部认定的湖南、江西省四个加工贸易梯度转移重点承接地为样本,对比分析要素禀赋、政策支持和金融资源配置的异同及其影响,在总结归纳各自承接模式的特点的基础上,提出了"精品园区+核心企业+直接融资+金融助推"的较优模式,认为政策支持是影响承接产业转移的直接因素;要素禀赋的影响力有弱化趋势;金融资源配置是影响承接力和产业结构优化升级的重要因素;对待处于不同生命周期的产业转移企业,承接的工作重点应各有侧重.因此,承接产业转移要与"转方式、调结构"的战略方向一致.注重与本地的产业互补相结合,并需要金融部门的主动参与和服务创新.     

What drives the effectiveness of industrial clusters? Exploring the impact of contextual,structural and functioning determinants

This study examines how contextual, structural and functioning characteristics of industrial clusters influence their effectiveness. We develop a conceptual framework that identifies potential influencing factors, validate the factors statistically, and estimate the factors’ impact on cluster effectiveness. Our results show that among the important determinants of cluster effectiveness are long-term planning security and procedural trust among the cooperating firms (contextual conditions), formalized rules and sustainable structures (structural elements), and clear goals and tasks (functioning characteristics). However, the results also reveal that some determinants assessed as important in the literature do not seem to have a positive impact on effectiveness. Our results not only modify general assumptions in cluster research concerning the drivers of cluster effectiveness, but also assist firms and policy-makers in conceptualizing successful new clusters.     

对我国西三角经济区县域特色产业发展的探究

西三角地区的经济发展对于我国西部大开发的成功具有举足轻重的作用,而特色产业作为一种具有高效联动作用的产业集群,对带动区域经济的发展十分重要。本文从该地区县域内特色产业发展的现状入手,在分析县域特色产业发展中取得的成绩和经验,独特的发展思路以及发展中存在问题的基础上,提出适合西三角地区县域特色产业发展的有效途径和可行的发展模式。     

A Snap Shot of E-Commerce by General Line Industrial Distributors

Abstract

Industrial distributors and manufacturers are constantly in search of methods to increase sales and market share. While e-commerce is not new, its adoption is growing and gaining a foothold in American business. Most attention in the e-commerce realm has been on business-to-consumer-type ventures (Amazon, eBay, etc.); however it is the purpose of this paper to examine how e-commerce is effecting business-to-business transactions, specifically in fields relating to industrial distributors and industrial manufacturers.     

Pig pandemic: Industrial hog farming in eastern Mexico

Industrial hog farming is an increasingly important land use in Mexico. Despite the known public health and environmental risks associated with this factory-style model of production, hog concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) remain unregulated. Legal standards regarding the establishment and operation of swine CAFOs are lacking at municipal, regional, and federal levels. There are currently no restrictions on the size, concentration, or geographic location of operations, and public notice to surrounding and downstream communities is generally not required. These lax environmental standards facilitate swine CAFO expansion in regions such as the Perote Valley, with potential for negative long-term impacts on public health, community well-being, water resources, ecosystems, and climate.     

中央商务区内总部集聚的动因分析

中央商务区（CBD）内的企业总部集群是当今区域经济和城市经济发展的一个增长点。企业总部进驻中心城市的CBD区域内,通过利用中心城市特有的资源禀赋来确保自身能够以更低的价格享受到更优质的生产要素服务。以Davis和Henderson的企业总部模型为基础,剖析追求利润最大化的企业总部在集聚过程中面临的利润和成本问题,并且结合服务业集聚所产生的N个企业的古诺模型,结论为总部集聚会给集群的企业带来整体成本的降低和利润的增加。     

东北城市群专利资源布局的空间关联性——基于Moran指数的解释

在明确专利资源内涵和价值属性的基础上,分析了1992-2012年间专利资源在东北36个地级以上城市的空间分布格局及空间关联性,结果显示,东北各城市专利资源存量差异巨大,整体呈“东南强西北弱”的分布格局;增速相对较为均衡,呈现“沿海边界快、内陆慢”的分布格局。同时,东北各城市专利资源的空间布局表现出很强的地域固化性,多数城市专利资源基础薄弱。城市间空间联系松散,尚未形成专利的有效集聚。上述分布格局对东北加快落实创新驱动发展战略,主动适应新常态带来了负面影响。     

企业集群理论综述

企业集群作为一种组织形式,其发展与产业结构调整、技术创新以及国家和地方经济发展关系十分密切。在大量文献资料的基础上,对一些相关理论进行了归纳与分析,指出了各个派别理论的不足,最后提出了对区域经济发展的指导意义。     

从日本对外直接投资的发展趋势看中国比较优势的发挥

通过分析日本的劳动密集型产业和组装型制造业对外直接投资的发展趋势,发现日本近年来对外直接投资和产业转移呈现出较大的增长空间。劳动密集型产业已绝大部分向外转移,组装型制造业的对华直接投资大幅度增加。这既为中国劳动密集型比较优势的发挥提供了巨大的契机,也使如何避免陷入比较优势陷阱提上了日程。     

产业集群的集聚效应:基于酒店业的分析

酒店企业在地理空间上的柔性集聚,不仅能降低集群内企业的交易成本,实现规模效应,还有利于集群内酒店企业的相互学习,发挥资源共享效应,促进集群内酒店企业的创新,提高集群竞争力。本文从酒店集群产生的集聚效应,产品优势,需求优势以及品牌区位优势等入手,分析了酒店产业集群的竞争力。